The term query has multiple meanings in the PSYC context. That's why we try to avoid the use of it, and replace the term with specific vocabulary.
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Dialog mode
In the tradition of BITNET and IRC the /query command has been in charge of managing one-to-one conversations. We prefer the /talk command and try to use the term dialog for this.
Query / Retrieval
The XMPP frequently employs a pull/discovery rather than a push data model using its Information & Query stanza type <iq/>. You may occasionally hear of query in this context.
PSYC tries to use a push approach over the Query/Retrieval model and tries to unify all asynchronous update requirements (like when your client was offline or you just installed a new one) using a generalized state synchronization approach, rather than isolated back and forth protocols.
The "?" operator
In the PSYC routing layer the ? operator is supposed to stand for something also known as _query. It requests variables from the other side. It is however not ensured, that the existence is justified.
In the old linking process we also have a special case of a _query_password method in use.
Databases
The term is obviously also used in the SQL context, but that hardly has something to do with PSYC, indeed.